Using Replacement Behavior to Lessen Problem Behaviors

A replacement behavior is a behavior you want to replace an unwanted target behavior. Focusing on the problem behavior may just reinforce the behavior, especially if the consequence (reinforcer) is attention. It also helps you teach the behavior that you want to see in the target behaviors place. Target behaviors might be aggression, destructive behavior, self-injury, or tantrums. Functions It is important to identify the function of the behavior, in other words, Why does Johnny smack himself in the head? If Johnny is smacking himself in the head in order to deal with tooth pain, obviously the replacement behavior is to help Johnny learn how to tell you his mouth hurts, so you can deal with the tooth pain. If Johnny hits the teacher when its time to leave a preferred activity,  the replacement behavior will be to transition within a certain time to the next activity. Reinforcing approximations of those new behaviors is replacing the target or undesirable behavior to help Johnny be more successful in an academic setting.   Effectiveness An effective replacement behavior will also have a similar  consequence that provides the same function. If you determine that the consequence is attention, you need to find an appropriate way to give the attention the child needs, while at the same time reinforcing a behavior that is acceptable. It is especially helpful if the replacement behavior is incompatible with the target behavior. In other words, if a child engages in the replacement behavior, he or she is unable to engage in the problem behavior at the same time. If the target behavior is the student leaving his seat during instruction, the replacement behavior might be keeping his knees under his desk. Besides praise (attention) the teacher might also put tally marks on a desktop â€Å"ticket† which the student can exchange for a preferred activity. Extinction, ignoring a behavior rather than reinforcing it, has proven to be the most effective way to get rid of problem behavior, but it may be unsafe or incompatible with supporting student success. At the same time punishment often reinforces the problem behavior by focusing on the problem behavior. When choosing and reinforcing a replacement behavior, you draw attention to the behavior you want, rather than the behavior you dont want.   Examples Target Behavior: Albert does not like to wear a dirty shirt. He will rip his shirt if he doesnt get a clean shirt after lunch or a messy art project.Replacement Behavior: Albert will ask for a clean shirt, or he will ask for a paint shirt to put over his shirt.Target Behavior: Maggie will hit herself in the head when she wants the teachers attention since she suffers from aphasia and cannot use her voice to get the teacher or aides attention.Replacement Behavior: Maggie has a red flag that she can fix on the tray of her wheelchair if she needs the teachers attention. The teacher and classroom aides give Maggie lots of positive reinforcement for asking for their attention with her flag.

Ban Banning A Great Deal - 969 Words

Book banning is something that should be done away with in schools. It hurts everyone, and the only time it is appropriate is if the book is deemed to be truly inappropriate for children by students, teachers, parents, and everyone else that deals with children for reasons related to obscenity and an imminent clear and present danger. In the outside world, public libraries and such cannot ban books. First amendment affects book banning a great deal. The US first amendment makes it very hard to ban books in general. The first amendment states that, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances,† (Cornell, amendment). The â€Å"petition the government for a redress of grievances,† part of the amendment is rarely remembered but very important me ans that the government has no right to silence anyone complaining about the government, so if someone writes a book complaining it cannot be banned legally. Any government association cannot ban books; the banning could be constitutionally challenged, and in most cases, the challenge would be upheld on constitutional grounds and the ban struck down. The Miller test is the Supreme Court’s de facto test to determine if a work is obscene and therefore, does not qualify for protections under the first amendment. TheShow MoreRelated Banning Harry Potter Impedes Upon Our Rights Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesBanning Harry Potter Impedes Upon Our Rights Muggles, Quidditch, and Hermoine. Do any of these words look familiar to you? If you are over the age of 11 then probably not these three words come from the Harry Potter book series. 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In this case analysis we are going to be looking at the ethical issues and challenges Managers in the tobacco industry in India face as well as the pros and cons of banning tobacco advertisingRead MoreWhy Should You Be Chosen As A Staff Member?1666 Words   |  7 Pageshours on weekdays, and at least 6 hours on weekends Have you had any past experience?: I have previously been Yt rank on 1 server, BoomCraft. Mod on 3 servers, PvPCraft infinite network and SkillzCraft, so I have my fair share of scrernsharing and banning. Are there any other servers you are working for?: Nope, as I took a break from moderation around a year ago Why should you be chosen as a staff member?: I believe that you should hire me, rather than anyone else is because of my experience in

Business Sports Management

Question: Discuss about the Business Sports Management. Answer: Introduction This report outlines management and the operational activities of sport organizations. These organizations make efforts to encourage the youth of the nation in sport industry. In addition to this, the report describes management of critical incidents in sport organizations. Background and Description of the Organization Football Federation Australia (FFA) was recognized in 2004. It is a regulatory organization of football games in Australia and associated with Federation International de Football Association (FIFA), which is the international governing organization of football. The membership of FFA is based on Australias federal system of government. FFA is in partnership with its federation members namely Westfield W-League clubs and Hyundai A-League to present children across Australias school via sporting school programs (FFA, 2015). As a National Sporting Organization for football, FFA offers school quality programs to promote children to contribute in a great sport. Organizational Goals and Objectives FFA has different goals and objectives to promote ethical sporting practices in the country, which are as below: To allocate supporters, alumni, and businesses to enclose positive impact on triumph of FFA by offering support through monetary and in-kind contribution. To generate bequest funds that is compulsory for the operations of Tennessee FFA Foundation. To get funds for Tennessee FFA Foundation to operate its business activities in a positive financial environment. To get sponsors for individual FFA events and reward programs that will provide full funds to these programs in each region and state. To obtain memorials that will tolerate individuals to contribute in memory of loved once and allow them to assign a portion of their assets to Tennessee FFA Foundation. These objectives seem to be achievable but lots of challenges are there in accomplishment. First of all, organization of FFA event in every state and region require huge fund that is greatest challenge. But at the same, sponsorship is the best method to ease the achievement of objectives. At the same time, alumni, and supporters involvement may give good impact for FFA. Overall it can be said these objectives are achievable but after surmounting financial and non-financial challenges. Management of Critical Incidents and Crisis Critical Incidents and crisis in sporting sector are naturally unpredictable happenings with potential reasons such as major injuries, catastrophic consequences for athletes, loss of life, and other personnel or organizational incidents. An effective management for such significant incidents must be a part of an organizations risk management strategy for avoiding the accidental incidents and their effect on players. If, a sport organization experiences such types of critical incidents, than the senior managers of the organization deals with crisis to strengthen the organizational culture (Giza et al., 2013). For example, in 2009, Football Federation Australia was suspended a player, as he had a sex with 13 years old girl. This put a serious reputational blot on the image of FFA. This action was resulted in loss of sponsors, and negative publicity for the sport organization. At present time, most of the sport organizations are concentrated on profit maximization and are also involved in gambling, which is a critical issue in sport industry. So, it is essential for the sport organizations management committee to reduce frequency of these incidents in the industry. Moreover, management of critical incidentsis often important for instant handling of emergency with having major psychological, medical and the legal flow-on belongings. Therefore, the risk management and effective security planning can recognize and alleviate hazards in advance, but is essential to have a well-designed critical incident management strategy. In Football Federation Australia (FFA), the critical management incident establishes an apparent role for all personnel who will be involved in the plan and consider different aspects such as currency of certifications and availability of equipments (Garratt et al, 2013). In addition to this, the management may develop documented procedures to efficiently communicate all aspects of emergency plans. Moreover, Safe Football plan developed by FFA with Gow-Gates and Member Federation to provide an approach to help the community in evaluating and managing all the risks linked to the management of Football Club. The management of the c ritical incidents and crisis should be to handle the situations. This is very hard to predict the risks in sports but however there are some risk learned from the past some incidents can be managed with. It requires strong planning and effective measures for reducing the degree of risks. Recommendations for Improvement In sports sector, the critical incidents are unpredictable. Therefore it is recommended that all the involved parties should make themselves aware of the critical incidents and the guide group should categorize critical incidents with short instructions. Moreover, the sport organizations should implement their policies in regard to any loss of the participants. It will encourage the players to participate in sport sector. Conclusion On basis of above discussion, it can be concluded that sport industry is an emerging sector, because it provides the job opportunities to those youth people who want to make their career in sports. In this sector, many sport programs have been included by the sport organizations in their schedules. So, this attracts the youth population to look for career in this sector. References FFA (2015) SOCCEROOS v United Arab Emirates. [Online]. Available at: https://www.footballaustralia.com.au/about/who-we-are/ds5jvc05q7lt14bzlfqn0qhdi (Accessed: 10 March 2017). Garratt, D., Piper, H., and Taylor, B. (2013) Safeguardingsports coaching: Foucault, genealogy and critique.Sport, education and society,18(5), pp. 615-629. Giza, C. C., Kutcher, J. S., Ashwal, S., Barth, J., Getchius, T. S., Gioia, G. A., and McKeag, D. B. (2013) Summary of evidence-based guideline update: Evaluation and management of concussion in sports Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.Neurology,80(24), pp. 2250-2257.